Forging Unity: Ethiopia, Somalia, and the Ankara Legacy

In a significant diplomatic move, Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed paid his first visit to Somalia since the Ankara Declaration in December, marking a pivotal moment in the normalization of relations between the two neighboring nations. Hosted by Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud in Mogadishu, the leaders reiterated their commitment to promoting peace, security, and deepening bilateral relations.

This visit underscores the importance of regional cooperation in addressing the complex challenges facing the Horn of Africa, a region often plagued by conflict, instability, and economic hardship. The meeting not only highlights the progress made since the Ankara Declaration but also sets the stage for a new chapter in Ethiopia-Somalia relations, with far-reaching implications for the broader region.

The visit by Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed to Mogadishu is a testament to the growing momentum in Ethiopia-Somalia relations, which had experienced a period of strain over the past year. The lukewarm relations between the two nations were largely attributed to disagreements over regional security and political dynamics. However, the Ankara Declaration, brokered by Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan in December, served as a turning point, paving the way for constructive dialogue and cooperation.

During their meeting, President Mohamud and Prime Minister Abiy engaged in both private and delegation-level talks, focusing on strengthening diplomatic, economic, and social ties. The discussions were characterized by a shared vision for regional stability and prosperity, reflecting the leaders’ recognition of the interconnectedness of their nations’ futures. The joint statement issued after the talks emphasized their commitment to promoting peace and security, not only for the benefit of Ethiopia and Somalia but for the entire Horn of Africa region.

The Ankara Declaration, reached during talks hosted by President Erdogan, laid the groundwork for the normalization of Ethiopia-Somalia relations. The agreement marked a significant step forward in addressing the longstanding issues that had strained bilateral ties. One of the key outcomes of the declaration was the commencement of technical talks in Ankara, which both leaders welcomed during their meeting in Mogadishu. These technical talks are expected to address specific areas of cooperation, including security, trade, and infrastructure development, further solidifying the foundation for a robust partnership.

The role of Turkey as a mediator in this process cannot be overstated. President Erdogan’s diplomatic efforts have not only facilitated dialogue between Ethiopia and Somalia but have also reinforced Turkey’s growing influence in the Horn of Africa.

By brokering the Ankara Declaration, Turkey has positioned itself as a key player in regional diplomacy, contributing to the broader goal of stability and development in the region.

The Horn of Africa is a region of immense strategic importance, yet it is also one of the most volatile. The challenges facing the region are multifaceted, ranging from political instability and armed conflict to economic underdevelopment and environmental degradation. In this context, the commitment of Ethiopia and Somalia to promote peace and security is both timely and crucial.

Ethiopia, as one of the region’s largest and most influential nations, has a pivotal role to play in shaping the future of the Horn of Africa. Prime Minister Abiy’s efforts to foster regional cooperation, including his peace initiatives in neighboring countries, have been widely recognized. Similarly, President Mohamud’s leadership in Somalia, a nation recovering from decades of conflict, is critical to the country’s stabilization and reconstruction.

The deepening of bilateral relations between Ethiopia and Somalia presents numerous opportunities for regional integration and development. Enhanced cooperation in areas such as trade, infrastructure, and security can contribute to economic growth and stability, benefiting not only the two nations but the entire region. The potential for collaboration in sectors such as agriculture, energy, and transportation is vast, offering a pathway to shared prosperity.

The meeting between Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed and President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud in Mogadishu marks a significant milestone in the journey toward peace and stability in the Horn of Africa. By reaffirming their commitment to promoting peace, security, and bilateral cooperation, the leaders have set a positive example for regional diplomacy. Their efforts, supported by the Ankara Declaration and the ongoing technical talks in Turkey, demonstrate the power of dialogue and collaboration in addressing complex challenges.

As Ethiopia and Somalia move forward in their partnership, the broader implications for the Horn of Africa are profound. The region stands at a crossroads, with the potential to overcome its challenges and unlock its immense potential. The commitment of its leaders to work  together, supported by international partners like Turkey, offers hope for a brighter future.

In a world often characterized by division and conflict, the progress made by Ethiopia and Somalia serves as a reminder of the importance of diplomacy, cooperation, and a shared vision for peace and prosperity. As the two nations continue to build on the foundation laid by the Ankara Declaration, the Horn of Africa may yet emerge as a beacon of stability and progress in a troubled region. The journey is far from over, but the steps taken in Mogadishu are a promising sign of what can be achieved through unity and determination.

By samiya mohammed, Researcher,Horn Review